TOKYO (AP) Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida is making an official visit to the United States this week. He will hold a summit with President Joe Biden that’s meant to achieve a major upgrading of their defense alliance.
He will also join a first-ever summit of the U.S., Japanese and Philippine leaders in Washington to showcase their cooperation in the face of anincreasingly assertive China.
The Associated Press explains the significance of Kishidas visit and the two summits.
WHAT DOES KISHIDA WANT TO ACHIEVE?
The biggest event during the weeklong trip is his summit with Biden on Wednesday. Kishida hopes to further strengthen the alliance as China’s influence grows in the Indo-Pacific.
Kishida is also reaching out to the American public to showcase Japans contribution to the U.S. economy and ensure stable relations regardless of who wins the U.S. presidential election later this year.
Kishida, who has pushed sweeping changes fortifying Japans defense capabilities since taking office in 2021, will emphasize that Japan and the U.S. are now global partners working to maintain a rules-based international order, and that Japan is willing to take on a greater international role in security, economy and space to help Washington.
Expanding arms equipment and technology cooperation between the two countries and other like-minded partners is also highly important,Kishida on Friday told selected media, including AP.
Kishida, stung by acorruption scandal,needs a successful U.S. visit to shore up low support ratings at home.
What is a state visit?
As a state guest, Kishida will be welcomed in a White House arrival ceremony on the South Lawn, a formal state dinner and other official events. He is the fifth state guest of Biden, who has also hosted leaders of India, Australia, South Korea and France, underscoring Americas focus on Indo-Pacific security partnerships.
Kishida is the first Japanese leader to make a state visit sinceShinzo Abein 2015. Abe made a major revision to the interpretation of Japans pacifist Constitution, allowing its self-defense-only principle to also cover its ally, the United States.
Why the defense focus?
Defense tops the agenda because of growing worries about threats from China, North Korea and Russia. Chinese coast guard ships regularly approach disputed Japanese-controlled East China Sea islands nearTaiwan. Beijing says Taiwan is part of its territory and will be brought under control by force if necessary.
There are also worries aboutNorth Korean nuclear and missile threatsand Russias invasion of Ukraine. Kishida has warned that the war in Europe could lead to conflict in East Asia, suggesting that a lax attitude to Russia emboldens China.
While we maintain the Japan-U.S. alliance as a cornerstone, we believe it is important to cooperate with like-minded countries, including the Philippines, Kishida said.
What are the summit’s main issues?
Biden and Kishida are expected to agree on a plan to modernize their military command structures so they can better operate together. America stations 50,000 troops in Japan. The Japanese Self Defense Force is preparing to restructure so it has a unified command for ground, air and naval forces by March 2025.
Also expected are new initiatives for defense industry cooperation, including co-production of weapons, possibly a new missile, and the repair and maintenance of American warships and other equipment in Japan to help U.S. operations in the western Pacific.
Japans possible participation in a U.S.-U.K.-Australia security partnership to develop and share advanced military capabilities, including artificial intelligence, electronic warfare and hypersonics, may also come up.
Kishida and Biden are also expected to confirm Japans participation inNASAs Artemis moon programand its contribution of a moon rover developed by Toyota Motor Corp. and the inclusion of a Japanese astronaut. The rover, which comes at a roughly $2 billion cost, is the most expensive contribution to the mission by a non-U.S. partner to date, a U.S. official said.
What’s Japan’s defense aim?
Since adopting a more expansivenational security strategy in 2022, Kishidas government has taken bold steps to accelerate Japans military buildup. He hopes to show Tokyo is capable of elevating its security cooperation with the U.S. Kishida has pledged to double defense spending and boost deterrence against China, which Japan considers a top security threat.
Japan, working to acquire what it calls a counterstrike capability, haspurchased 400 U.S. Tomahawklong-range cruise missiles. After prohibiting almost all weapons transfers, it hasrelaxed export guidelinestwice in recent months, allowing the sale of lethal weapons to countries from which they were licensed and the overseas sales of a fighter jet its co-developing with the U.K. and Italy. The changes have allowed Japan to shipJapanese-made PAC-3 missiles to the U.S.to help replace those contributed by Washington to Ukraine.
What about the summit with the Philippines?
The first-ever trilateral summit between Biden, Kishida and Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. comes asthe Philippines faces escalating maritime tension with Chinaover their contested South China Sea claims.
Biden wants to show that the three maritime democracies are unified as they face aggressive Chinese action against the Philippine coast guard and its supply vessels off the disputed Second Thomas Shoal in the South China Sea, according to a senior Biden administration official.
Japan has sold coastal radars to the Philippines and is now negotiatinga defense agreementthat would allow their troops to visit each others turf for joint military exercises.
The trilateral comes eight months afterBiden hosted a meeting with leaders from Japan and South Korea at Camp David.
Cooperation among our three countries are extremely important in maintaining peace and stability in the Indo-Pacific and in defending a free and open international order based on the rules of law, Kishida said Monday before leaving for Washington.
What happens in North Carolina?
Kishida also wants to highlight Japans economic contributions in the U.S. There is growing uncertainty in Tokyo about U.S. elections, reflected by questions about what happens if former President Donald Trump wins, though experts say there is a bipartisan consensus on a stronger U.S.-Japan alliance.
Kishida will meet with business leaders and visitToyotas electric vehicle battery factoryunder construction for a planned launch in 2025, andHondas business jet subsidiaryin North Carolina. He will also meet students at North Carolina State University on Friday.
In his congressional speech on Thursday, Kishida said he plans to convey what Japan and the United States want to hand down to future generations and what we need to do for them.
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